Hubungan Usia, Jenis Kelamin, Lama Operasi dan Status ASA dengan Kejadian PONV pada Pasien Pasca Operasi Laparatomi Bedah Digestif

Resiana Karnina, Maulina Salmah

Abstract


Abstrak

Pendahuluan: Kejadian PONV (Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting) atau mual muntah pasca operasi merupakan salah satu keluhan yang paling sering terjadi setelah operasi. Beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi PONV yaitu usia, jenis kelamin, lama operasi dan status ASA dan faktor lainnya. Tujuan: untuk mengetahui hubungan antara usia, jenis kelamin, lama operasi dan status ASA dengan kejadian PONV (Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting) pada pasien pasca operasi laparatomi bedah digestif dengan anestesi umum. Metode: Desain penelitian ini menggunakan cross sectional dengan metode analitik observasional data diambil dari catatan rekam medis pasien pasca operasi laparatomi bedah digestif dengan anestesi umum di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Ulin Banjarmasin. Sampel diambil dengan metode total sampling sebanyak 104 sampel. Analisa data menggunakan uji chi-square dengan menggunakan SPSS 25.0 for Windows. Hasil: Hasil uji chi-square didapatkan hubungan bermakna antara usia, jenis kelamin, lama operasi dan status ASA dengan kejadian PONV pada pasien pasca operasi laparotomi bedah digestif dengan anestesi umum. Dengan nilai signifikansi lebih kecil dari α=5% (<0.05). Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara usia (P=0.024), jenis kelamin (P=0.038), lama operasi (P=0.022) dan status ASA (P=0.032) dengan kejadian PONV pada pasien pasca operasi laparatomi bedah digestif dengan anestesi umum.

 Katakunci — jenis kelamin, lama operasi, PONV, usia, status ASA

 

Abstract

 Introduction: Incidence of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting (PONV) is one of the most common complaints after surgery. There are several factors that influence PONV, age, gender, periode of operation and ASA status and other factors. Aims: The purpose of this research is to knowing the correlation between age, gender, periode of operation and ASA status with the incidence of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in postoperative digestive surgical laparotomy patients with general anesthesia. Method: Study design of this research is cross sectional with observational analytic method data was taken from the medical records of postoperative digestive surgical laparotomy patients under general anesthesia at General Hospital Ulin Banjarmasin. Samples were taken with a total sampling method of 104 samples. Data analysis using chi-square test using SPSS 25.0 for Windows. Results: Chi-square test results found a significant correlation between age, gender periode of operation and ASA status with the incidence of PONV in the act of postoperative digestive surgical laparotomy patients under general anesthesia a significance value smaller than α = 5% (<0.05). Conclusion: There is a significant correlation between age (P=0.024), gender (P=0.038), periode of operation (P=0.022) and ASA status (P=0.032) with the incidence of PONV postoperative digestive surgical laparotomy patients under general anesthesia.

 

Keywords—gender, periode of operation, PONV, age, ASA status


Keywords


Anestesi; jenis kelamin; lama operasi; usia; status ASA

Full Text:

PDF

References


Darmawan AA, Rihiantoro T. Pengetahuan,Sikap dan Prilaku Mobilisasi Dini Pasien Post Operasi Laparatomi. J Keperawatan. 2017;XIII(1):111–7.

Smith HS, Smith EJ, Smith BR, Department. Postoperative nausea and vomiting. Br J Hosp Med (Lond). 2012;81(6):1–3.

Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Riset Kesehatan Dasar 2013. Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia; 2013.

Gan TJ, Diemunsch P, Habib AS, Kovac A, Kranke P, Meyer TA, et al. Consensus guidelines for the management of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Anesthesia and Analgesia. 2014.

Wijaya AA, Fithrah BA, Marsaban AHM, Hidayat J. Efektivitas Pemberian Cairan Praoperatif Ringer Laktat 2 mL/kgBB/jam Puasa untuk Mencegah Mual Muntah Pasca operasi. J Anestesi Perioper [Internet]. 2014;2(3):200–7. Available from: http://journal.fk.unpad.ac.id/index.php/jap/article/view/332

Jin Z, Gan TJ, Bergese SD. Prevention and Treatment of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting (PONV): A Review of Current Recommendations and Emerging Therapies. Ther Clin Risk Manag [Internet]. 2020 Dec;16:1305–17. Available from: https://www.dovepress.com/prevention-and-treatment-of-postoperative-nausea-and-vomiting-ponv-a-r-peer-reviewed-article-TCRM

Fakhrunnisa E. Hubungan Kecemasan Pre Anestesi dengan Kejadian Post Opertive Nausea Vomiting pada Pasien dengan General Anesthesia di RSUD Kota Yogyakarta. Politeknik Kesehatan Kementerian Kesehatan Yogyakarta; 2017.

Sholihah A, Sikumbang KM, Husairi A. Gambaran Angka Kejadian Post Operative Nausea and Vomiting (PONV) di RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin Mei - Juli 2014. Berk Kedokt Unlam. 2015;11(1):119–29.

Hijazi EM, Edwan H, Al-Zoubi N, Radaideh H. Incidence of Nausea and Vomiting After Fast-Track Anaesthesia for Heart Surgery. Brazilian J Cardiovasc Surg [Internet]. 2018;33(4). Available from: https://bjcvs.org/pdf/2933/v33n4a10.pdf

Sizemore DC, Singh A, Dua A, Singh K, Grose BW. Postoperative Nausea. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2021.

Susanti L, Tarigan M, Fakultas M, Universitas K, Utara S, Departemen D, et al. Karakteristik Mual dan Muntah serta Upaya Penanggulangan oleh Penderita Kanker yang Menjalani Kemoterapi. J Keperawatan Klin. 2012;3(1).

Gibbison B, Spencer R. Post-operative nausea and vomiting. Anaesth Intensive Care Med [Internet]. 2009 Dec;10(12):583–5. Available from: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1472029909002264

Chatterjee S, Rudra A, Sengupta S. Current Concepts in the Management of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting. Anesthesiol Res Pract [Internet]. 2011;2011:1–10. Available from: http://www.hindawi.com/journals/arp/2011/748031/

Sakti YBH, Budi MH. Perbandingan Antara Pemberian Ondansetron Dengan Pemberian Metoklopramid untuk Mengatasi Mual dan Muntah Paska Laparatomi di RSUD Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo. Sainteks. 2016;13(1):22–41.

Kaplan, Sadock. Buku Ajar Psikiatri Klinis. 2nd ed. EGC Jakarta; 2010.

Hendro RT, Pradian E, Indriasari I. Penggunaan Skor Apfel Sebagai Prediktor Kejadian Mual dan Muntah Pasca operasi di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung. J Anestesi Perioper. 2018;6(2):89–97.

Collins AS. Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Adults: Implications for Critical Care. Crit Care Nurse [Internet]. 2011 Dec 1;31(6):36–45. Available from: https://aacnjournals.org/ccnonline/article/31/6/36/4441/Postoperative-Nausea-and-Vomiting-in-Adults

AlJabari A, Massad I. Post-Operative Nausea, Vomiting and Pain Score in Post Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU) at Jordan University Hospital. J Anesth Clin Res [Internet]. 2016;07(01). Available from: https://www.omicsonline.org/open-access/postoperative-nausea-vomiting-and-pain-score-in-post-anesthesia-careunit-pacu-at-jordan-university-hospital-2155-6148-1000595.php?aid=67750

Sansonnens J, Taffé P, Burnand B. Higher occurrence of nausea and vomiting after total hip arthroplasty using general versus spinal anesthesia: an observational study. BMC Anesthesiol [Internet]. 2015 Dec 26;16(1):44. Available from: http://bmcanesthesiol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12871-016-0207-0

Doubravska L, Dostalova K, Fritscherova S, Zapletalova J, Adamus M. Incidence of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting In Patients at a University Hospital. Where Are We Today? Biomed Pap [Internet]. 2010 Mar 1;154(1):69–76. Available from: http://biomed.papers.upol.cz/doi/10.5507/bp.2010.012.html




DOI: https://doi.org/10.33854/heme.v4i1.867

DOI (PDF): https://doi.org/10.33854/heme.v4i1.867.g341

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Creative Commons License   Health and Medical Journal This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.