Pengaruh Ekstrak Etanol Peronema canescens Jack terhadap Ekspresi Gen Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha pada Sel HeLa

Hafiznie Ansharina, Gusti Revilla, Husnil Kadri, Desmawati Desmawati, Elfira Yusri, Hirowati Ali

Abstract


Latar Belakang: Kanker serviks merupakan kanker yang menduduki peringkat keempat pada wanita di seluruh dunia. Kanker ini disebabkan oleh Human Papillomavirus (HPV) tipe resiko tinggi yang menyerang sel-sel leher rahim. Sel kanker akan mensekresi Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-α) untuk menjadikan lingkungan mikrotumor mendukung bagi kelangsungan hidup sel kanker. Terapi kanker serviks yang umum digunakan adalah pembedahan, radioterapi, dan kemoterapi. Terapi lain yang juga digunakan adalah tanaman herbal, contohnya sungkai. Ekstrak etanol daun sungkai (Peronema canescens J) mengandung senyawa yang berperan sebagai antiinflamasi dan antioksidan. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pemberian ekstrak etanol daun sungkai dalam menurunkan ekspresi gen TNF-α pada sel HeLa. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian true experimental dengan post test only control group design yang menggunakan 24 well plate kultur sel HeLa yang tumbuh secara konfluens. Sampel dibagi menjadi empat kelompok (K, P1, P2, dan P3). Kelompok perlakuan diberikan ekstrak etanol daun sungkai dengan konsentrasi inhibition concentration (IC)25, IC50, dan IC75 yang diinkubasi selama 24 jam. Sel yang telah diberi perlakuan akan dipanen untuk dilakukan isolasi RNA. Pemeriksaan gen TNF-α dilakukan menggunakan PCR Konvensional, kemudian band elektroforesis berukuran 47 bp dianalisis menggunakan ImageJ. Hasil: Data didapatkan dari analisis ketebalan band elektroforesis yang diukur menggunakan ImageJ. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan uji One Way ANOVA dan Post Hoc Bonferroni, didapatkan rerata ekspresi gen TNF-α pada kelompok K, P1, P2, dan P3 secara berturut-turut adalah 0,32; 0,29; 0,23; dan 0,14. Terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna antara kelompok K terhadap P2 dan P3 dengan nilai p=0,000 (p<0,05), sedangkan kelompok K dengan P1 perbedaannya tidak bermakna (p>0,05). Kesimpulan: Pemberian ekstrak etanol daun sungkai pada konsentrasi IC50 dan IC75 mampu menurunkan ekspresi gen TNF-α pada kelompok sel HeLa.


Keywords


Ekstrak Etanol, Kanker Serviks, Sel HeLa, Sungkai (Peronema canescens), Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-α).

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33854/heme.v7i1.1418

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