A DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF FORENSIC IDENTIFICATION USING INTRAORAL SCANNERS, CAD/CAM, AND AI
Abstrak
Pendahuluan:Perkembangan teknologi kedokteran gigi digital telah membuka peluang baru dalam pembuatan rekam dental ante-mortem (AM) sebagai alternatif terhadap metode cetakan konvensional dalam identifikasi forensik. Meskipun demikian, tingkat akurasi serta potensi aplikasinya dalam konteks forensik masih memerlukan evaluasi yang sistematis. Tujuan:Tinjauan sistematis ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi penelitian asli mengenai penggunaan intraoral scanner, sistem CAD/CAM, serta teknologi berbasis kecerdasan buatan (Artificial Intelligence/AI) dalam pembuatan rekam dental ante-mortem (AM) serta potensi pemanfaatannya dalam identifikasi forensik, dengan fokus pada akurasi dimensi, reproduktibilitas, keunggulan, dan keterbatasan teknologi tersebut. Metode:Penelusuran literatur dilakukan melalui dua basis data ilmiah utama, yaitu Google Scholar dan PubMed, untuk mengidentifikasi penelitian yang relevan mengenai rekam dental digital dalam konteks forensik. Strategi pencarian disusun menggunakan kombinasi kata kunci terstruktur yang berkaitan dengan kedokteran gigi forensik, rekam dental digital, intraoral scanner, sistem CAD/CAM, serta kecerdasan buatan. Kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi ditetapkan menggunakan kerangka SPIDER, yang meliputi Sample (S), Phenomenon of Interest (PI), Design (D), Evaluation (E), dan Research Type (R), guna memastikan bahwa studi yang dipilih relevan dengan tujuan tinjauan serta menjawab pertanyaan penelitian. Kesimpulan:Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa teknologi kedokteran gigi digital mampu menghasilkan akurasi morfometrik yang tinggi, dengan deviasi tiga dimensi yang masih berada dalam batas yang dapat diterima secara klinis. Analisis berbasis STL, pemetaan deviasi permukaan, serta teknik superimposisi tiga dimensi menyediakan pendekatan analisis yang objektif dan menunjukkan potensi yang signifikan dalam aplikasi identifikasi forensik. Namun demikian, validasi langsung dalam kondisi simulasi forensik masih terbatas, sehingga diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut sebelum teknologi ini dapat diimplementasikan secara luas dalam praktik forensik.Referensi
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