COMPARISON OF FACIAL PROFILE BEFORE AND AFTER ANTERIOR TEETH RETRACTION IN ACTIVE PLATE ORTHODONTIC TREATMENT
Keywords:
active plate retraction, soft tissueAbstract
Introduction: Orthodontic treatment using removable active plates can improve teeth alignment, facial balance, mastication, and speech. Anterior teeth retraction may influence lip position, nasolabial angle, and overall facial harmony, but evidence remains inconsistent.Aim: This study compared facial profile changes before and after active plate treatment with anterior teeth retraction.Methods: This retrospective case-control study included 22 patients treated at the Dental Hospital of Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta during 2021–2022. All subjects followed a standardized protocol, using active plates for at least 20 hours daily. Pre- and post-treatment lateral photographs were superimposed in Adobe Photoshop to measure the facial convexity angle (landmarks: soft tissue glabella, subnasale, and pogonion). A change greater than 2° was deemed clinically relevant. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and correlations with treatment duration were assessed via Spearman’s test.Result: Results showed a mean convexity angle change of –0.5° ± 1.2°, reflecting minimal alteration. While 59.1% of patients exhibited angle reduction and 40.9% showed an increase, the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.733). No correlation emerged between treatment duration and profile alteration (r = 0.18, p = 0.45).Conclusion: These findings suggest that anterior teeth retraction with removable active plates does not significantly affect the overall facial profile in this cohort. Further research with larger samples, three-dimensional imaging, and longitudinal follow-up is recommended to confirm these results and explore patient-specific factors influencing soft tissue response.References
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